We utilize the Present Perfect to state that an activity occurred at an unknown time before now. The specific time isn't significant. You CANNOT utilize the Present Perfect with explicit time articulations, for example, yesterday, one year back, a week ago, when I was a youngster, when I lived in Japan, at that point, that day, at some point, and so on. We CAN utilize the Present Perfect with vague articulations, for example, ever, never, once, commonly, a few times, previously, up until this point, as of now, yet, and so forth.
Models
You have seen that film ordinarily.
Have you seen that film ordinarily?
You have not seen that film ordinarily.
Structure
[has/have + past participle]
Positive, Negative, Question Forms
PositiveNegativeQuestionI've (I have) seen him.
I haven't (have not) seen him.Have you seen him?He's (he has) gone.
He hasn't (has not) gone.Has he gone?You've done it.You haven't done it.Have you completed it?We've been there.We haven't been there.Have they been there?
They've eaten it.They haven't eaten it.Have they eaten it?
Normal Mistakes
Normal mistakesCorrect versionWhy?Steven has composed another book.Steven has composed another book.The past participle of the action word must be utilized - composed is past straightforward, composed is the previous participle.
Did you have seen him before?Have you seen him before?The helping action word 'have' is utilized in the current flawless it is altered with the individual (you have becomes have you).I didn't have seen him previously.
I haven't seen him before.The helping action word 'have' is utilized in the current flawless to make it negative we basically include not(n't).I am here since last week.I have been here since a week ago.
The current impeccable is utilized to show an activity which proceeds to the present (an incomplete action).I've been knowing him for 5 years.I've referred to him for 5 years.Verbs, for example, know, want,like, and so on (stative action words) recommend perpetual states, not activities, so are utilized in the basic structure, NOT the - ing structure.
Utilizations :- -
Unknown Time Before Now
We utilize the Present Perfect to state that an activity occurred at an unknown time before now. The specific time isn't significant. You CANNOT utilize the Present Perfect with explicit time articulations, for example, yesterday, one year prior, a week ago, when I was a youngster, when I lived in Japan, at that point, that day, at some point, and so forth. We CAN utilize the Present Perfect with vague articulations, for example, ever, never, once, commonly, a few times, previously, up until this point, as of now, yet, and so on.
Models:
I have seen that film multiple times.
I think I have met him once previously.
There have been numerous seismic tremors in California.
Individuals have headed out to the Moon.
Individuals have not headed out to Mars.
Have you perused the book yet?
No one has ever ascended that mountain.
A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?
B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.
How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?
The idea of "undefined time" can be confounding to English students. It is ideal to connect Present Perfect with the accompanying themes:
Experience
You can utilize the Present Perfect to depict your experience. It resembles saying, "I have the experience of..." You can likewise utilize this strained to state that you have never had a specific encounter. The Present Perfect isn't utilized to portray a particular occasion.
Models:
I have been to France.
This sentence implies that you have had the experience of being in France. Perhaps you have been there once, or a few times.
I have been to France multiple times.
You can include the occasions toward the finish of the sentence.
I have never been to France.
This sentence implies that you have not had the experience of going to France.
I think I have seen that film previously.
He has never gone via train.
Joan has considered two unknown dialects.
A: Have you at any point met him?
B: No, I have not met him.
Change Over Time
We regularly utilize the Present Perfect to discuss change that has occurred over some stretch of time.
Models:
You have developed since the last time I saw you.
The legislature has gotten increasingly keen on expressions training.
Japanese has gotten one of the most famous courses at the college since the Asian examinations program was set up.
My English has truly improved since I moved to Australia.
Achievements
We regularly utilize the Present Perfect to list the achievements of people and humankind. You can't make reference to a particular time.
Models:
Man has strolled on the Moon.
Our child has figured out how to peruse.
Specialists have restored numerous lethal ailments.
Researchers have part the iota.
An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting
We regularly utilize the Present Perfect to state that an activity which we expected has not occurred. Utilizing the Present Perfect proposes that we are as yet trusting that the activity will occur.
Models:
James has not completed his schoolwork yet.
Susan hasn't aced Japanese, yet she can impart.
Bill has still not showed up.
The downpour hasn't halted.
Numerous Actions at Different Times
We likewise utilize the Present Perfect to discuss a few unique activities which have happened in the past at various occasions. Present Perfect recommends the procedure isn't finished and more activities are conceivable.
Models:
The military has assaulted that city multiple times.
I have had four tests and five tests so far this semester.
We have had many serious issues while taking a shot at this task.
She has conversed with a few authorities about her concern, however no one knows why she is wiped out.
Time Expressions with Present Perfect
At the point when we utilize the Present Perfect it implies that something has occurred sooner or later in our lives before now. Keep in mind, the specific time the activity happened isn't significant.
Now and again, we need to constrain the time we are searching in for an encounter. We can do this with articulations, for example, in the most recent week, in the most recent year, this week, this month, up until now, up to now, and so on.
Models:
Have you been to Mexico in the most recent year?
I have seen that film multiple times in the most recent month.
They have had three tests in the most recent week.
She moved on from college under three years back. She has worked for three unique organizations up until this point.
My vehicle has stalled multiple times this week.
NOTICE
"A year ago" and "in the most recent year" are totally different in significance. "A year ago" signifies the prior year now, and it is viewed as a particular time which requires Simple Past. "In the most recent year" signifies from 365 days back as of not long ago. It isn't viewed as a particular time, so it requires Present Perfect.
Models:
I went to Mexico a year ago.
I went to Mexico in the schedule year before this one.
I have been to Mexico in the most recent year.
I have been to Mexico at any rate once sooner or later between 365 days back and now.
Utilize 2 Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-ceaseless employments of Mixed Verbs, we utilize the Present Perfect to show that something began before and has proceeded as of recently. "For five minutes," "for about fourteen days," and "since Tuesday" are on the whole lengths which can be utilized with the Present Perfect.
Models:
I have had a cold for about fourteen days.
She has been in England for a half year.
Mary has cherished chocolate since she was a young lady.
In spite of the fact that the above utilization of Present Perfect is typically constrained to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-consistent employments of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "instruct," and "study" are here and there utilized along these lines despite the fact that they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.
Verb modifier PLACEMENT
The models underneath show the arrangement for sentence structure intensifiers, for example, consistently, just, never at any point, still, just, and so on.
Models:
You have just observed that film one time.
Have you just observed that film one time?
Dynamic/PASSIVE
Models:
Numerous travelers have visited that stronghold. Dynamic
That mansion has been visited by numerous travelers. Detached
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